How is turmeric powder obtained?

The turmeric is a perennial plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family and naturally grows in certain humid countries of Asia and Africa. The powder extracted from its roots represents a valuable commodity with numerous culinary and cosmetic virtues. Most of the benefits of turmeric come from its composition rich in curcuminoids, and more specifically in curcumin.

This refers to a polyphenol that notably possesses antioxidant properties which allow it to protect cellular membranes from peroxidative damage caused by free radicals. For this reason, turmeric powder is often incorporated into brightening treatments or those combating photoaging. Curcumin is also recommended for individuals with damaged skin or prone to redness, as well as those with an irritated scalp due to its anti-inflammatory effects. This molecule also promotes the healing of lesions, including those ofeczema and psoriasis. Finally, turmeric activates microcirculation of the blood, making its use relevant in combating dark circles and bags under the eyes.

The process of obtaining turmeric powder is generally the same, whether it is intended for cosmetic or culinary use, and is done by mechanical grinding of the roots. Here is how this process unfolds step by step.

1. Harvest : The turmeric root, also known as rhizome, is harvested at maturity in March, typically after 7 to 9 months of growth.

2. Peeling and Cleaning : The roots are peeled to remove the rough skin and secondary roots. The retained part is carefully washed to remove any traces of mud and impurities.

3. Bleaching : The roots are then boiled for 45 to 60 minutes in salted water to bleach them. This step helps to eliminate bacteria and fungi, and facilitates subsequent cutting and drying.

4. Drying : The bleached roots are cut into thin slices and dried. This step was traditionally done under the sun, but today, most producers use mechanical dryers. The drying process typically takes between 10 and 15 days, depending on the size of the rhizome and the efficiency of the dryer.

5. Grinding : Once the roots are completely dry, they are ground into a fine powder in a spice mill. The grinding can be done in one or more stages to achieve a fine and uniform powder, with a particle size ranging between 300 and 500 µm.

6. Sifting : After grinding, the turmeric powder is sifted to remove the larger pieces and ensure a uniform texture.