Metronidazole, a local treatment for papulopustular rosacea.

To date, the precise mechanisms by which the drug works against rosacea are unknown. However, it has been hypothesized that metronidazole reduces tissue lesions by inhibiting inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), for example. It also exhibits anti-bacterial activity, possibly by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial DNA, thus preventing the replication of bacteria that can exacerbate the symptoms of rosacea.

In the form of a gel or cream, metronidazole is applied topically to areas affected by papulopustular rosacea. Its dosage will depend on the concentration of metronidazole in the treatment. Generally, it's the metronidazole 0.75% that is prescribed for rosacea.

It is recommended to apply this antibiotic twice a day, morning and evening, for three to four months. It is then possible to continue at a low dose to reduce the risk of relapse. Apply by gently massaging a thin layer onto the affected areas after they have been previously cleaned. Its use should not be discontinued before the prescribed treatment duration, except on the advice of a doctor.

When applied topically, metronidazole can cause skin reactions. These may include burning sensations in the affected areas, skin irritations, and itching. These reactions may be related to allergies to the medication.

If you notice one or more of these adverse effects, refrain from using the medication and consult your doctor.

When applying metronidazole, avoid contact with the eyes and mouth. In the event of accidental contact with the eyes, rinse thoroughly. After use, it is necessary to wash your hands to prevent accidentally touching these sensitive areas. The application should be gentle and non-aggressive, otherwise, the symptoms of rosacea may worsen. It is also important to not expose the treated areas to the sun or ultraviolet rays. Finally, store the medication at room temperature.

Metronidazole should not be used in case of allergy to imidazoles or other components of the drug. Although the effect of this medication during pregnancy or breastfeeding, or on children is poorly understood, it is advised to discuss it with your doctor before using it in your case.

The risk of drug interactions with metronidazole is low, if not nonexistent, due to its minimal likelihood of entering the bloodstream. However, as a precaution, it would be wise to inform your doctor if you are taking an oral anticoagulant.