Can cold weather have an impact on psoriasis?

Psoriasis can be triggered or exacerbated by various factors, including climate changes. For many people suffering from this skin disease, winter and cold temperatures can worsen their symptoms. Indeed, a study indicated that 53.2% of patients with psoriasis showed a worsening of disease conditions in fall/winter.

One of the primary reasons is the lack of sun exposure. Indeed, UV rays suppress the immune response by inhibiting the Th17/IL-23 axis and the pathway of Type 1 T lymphocytes, inducing apoptosis of T lymphocytes. UV rays also contribute to the apoptosis of the lesioned epidermis, particularly keratinocytes. When UV rays penetrate the epidermis, they cause structural damage and harm the keratinocytes which can subsequently activate the p53 protein and trigger the process of programmed cell death known as apoptosis. Moreover, UV rays are the main source of skin production of vitamin D which has shown positive effects on this disease and constitutes one of the treatments against psoriasis by modulating the inflammatory response and the differentiation of keratinocytes.

Indeed, cold weather tends to cause skin dryness. When the temperature drops, the air becomes dry and can induce negative effects on the skin. It has been suggested that dry air induces the synthesis of epidermal DNA, the increase in keratinocyte proliferation and inflammation markers, and that these changes are attributable to alterations in the moisture content of the stratum corneum. These conditions exacerbate psoriasis plaques and lead to an increase in itching, redness, and flaking.

To minimize the negative effects of cold on psoriasis, it is important to take care of your skin in an appropriate manner. This begins with skin hydration. To boost hydration, drink enough water, with a recommendation of 1.5 liters of water per day to maintain body hydration.

Also, pay special attention to your diet. Prioritize healthy foods, rich in omega-3s that promote skin hydration. There are also daily care routines you can adopt, such as the application of a moisturizing balm, especially on psoriasis plaques. This will reduce inflammation, scaling, and itching.

In order to combat the cold of winter, do you tend to crank up the heat? This action can impact skin hydration. Indeed, the dry air from the heating system absorbs the skin's moisture. The trick is to pair your heating system with the use of a humidifier, which will increase the humidity of the surrounding air.

Lastly, it is advisable to limit the wearing of tight clothing that prevents the skin from breathing normally. Certain fabrics should be avoided, such as wool and synthetic fibers. Instead, opt for loose clothing made from natural, breathable fibers to reduce the risk of skin irritation.