Here is the definition of a cosmetic according to the ANSM (National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products).
"A cosmetic product is defined as any substance or mixture intended to come into contact with the superficial parts of the human body (epidermis, hair and capillary systems, nails, lips, and external genital organs) or with the teeth and oral mucous membranes with the aim, exclusively or mainly, to clean them, to perfume them, to alter their appearance, to protect them, to keep them in good condition , or to correct body odors.
Cosmetic products released on the market must be safe for human health. They are not subject to prior authorization before their market release. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the Person in Charge associated with each cosmetic product to ensure that their products meet the requirements of the cosmetic regulation as well as legislative and regulatory requirements, and to guarantee that they pose no risk to health."
Thus, cosmetics are by no means medications! They do not have a therapeutic action and do not treat skin conditions. They do not require a market authorization (MA) before their commercialization, unlike medications. The evaluation of their effectiveness and tolerance is also different from that of medications. However, they can still have a visible effect on the skin, provided that their use is accompanied by good lifestyle habits and a beauty routine that aligns with one's skin needs.