Tranexamic acid, the new active ingredient for diminishing the appearance of brown spots.

Tranexamic acid is a synthetic derivative of the amino acid lysine. As a reminder, amino acids are molecules that make up the proteins in the body. When taken orally, tranexamic acid is used in medicine to treat excessive blood loss caused by major trauma, surgery, postpartum bleeding, and heavy menstruation due to its coagulating properties. It is even on the World Health Organization's (WHO) list of essential medicines.

The tranexamic acid and its lightening virtues were recently discovered by a healthcare professional. While his patient was taking this molecule to treat his chronic urticaria, he observed a lightening and discoloration of his skin. Promising studies were then conducted on its ability to diminish brown spots through topical application.

The virtues of tranexamic acid in topical application.

In skincare, this active ingredient is referred to by the I.N.C.I. name "Tranexamic Acid". It offers several benefits:

  • Diminishing the appearance of pigmented spots.

    Hyperpigmentation is a disruption in the pigmentation process: melanin, the pigment responsible for the natural coloration of the skin, is overproduced in certain areas. The spots that then appear vary in size and affect the uniformity of the complexion. They can be classified into three categories: the melasma caused by hormonal imbalances, the age spots due to excessive and repeated sun exposure, and the post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation marks which result from an overproduction of melanin following inflammation (injuries, burns, blemishes, acne outbreaks).

    The mechanism of action of tranexamic acid is based on theinhibition of the release of inflammatory mediators involved in the triggering of melanogenesis. The results of studies are promising regarding its effect on brown spots. A 2019 study shows that it offers the same results in reducing pregnancy masks as hydroquinone, but with fewer side effects. As a reminder, hydroquinone has been banned in all cosmetic products by European regulations since 2001. Regarding acne marks, a 2022 study demonstrated that tranexamic acid was useful in reducing the appearance of these lesions, with little risk of side effects. Moreover, this lightening action is also beneficial in combating pigmented dark circles.

  • Strengthening the skin barrier.

    A 2015 study found that a topical treatment with tranexamic acid (3%) for 2 weeks improves the visible signs of rosacea. Researchers have thus established a link between this reduction in symptoms and the improvement of the skin barrier.

Discover our serum with tranexamic acid and tetrapeptide-2.

The hyperpigmentation and firmness serum contains 5% of tranexamic acid. This treatment reduces and prevents the appearance of pigmentation spots, particularly melasma, and promotes skin firming. The complexion is even, the skin is smoother and firmer. It also contains acetyl tetrapeptide-2, a peptide composed of four amino acids that stimulate the synthesis of key molecules involved in skin support and firmness: elastin, collagen, and fibrillin.

Note : Tranexamic acid is generally safe for all skin types and well tolerated. However, it is not necessary to add it to one's beauty routine if the skin does not have pigmented spots.

Sources

  • NAEINI F. F. & al. Topical tranexamic acid as a promising treatment for melasma. Journalof Research in Medical Sciences (2014).

  • ZHONG S. & al. Topical tranexamic acid enhances the permeability barrier in rosacea.Dermatologica Sinica (2015).

  • JANNEY M. S. & al. A randomized controlled study comparing the efficacy of topical 5% tranexamic acid solution versus 3% hydroquinone cream in melasma. Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery (2019).

  • WANG J. V. & al. Tranexamic acid for melasma: Evaluating the various formulations. Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology (2019).

  • ETESAMI I & al. Treatment of post-acne erythema: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology (2022).

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