Which products can contain an SPF?

Introduced in the 1960s by Franz GREITER, the acronym FPS stands for “Facteur de Protection Solaire.” In English, it is SPF (Sunburn Protection Factor). In certain French-speaking countries, IP (Indice de Protection) is used. All these acronyms refer to the same value.

SPF is a numerical indicator of a sunscreen’s ability to block erythemal UV rays that cause sunburn.

SPF is expressed on a scale from 2 to 50+, where 50+ represents the highest level of protection. The number after the SPF label indicates the percentage of UV rays that cause erythema blocked. Several factors influence sunscreen protection: UV intensity at a given time and location, skin phototype, sunscreen quantity applied, activities such as swimming, use of certain medications, and frequency of sunscreen application. Therefore, even a high-SPF product must be applied in sufficient quantity and reapplied at recommended intervals to maintain optimal protection.

Primary sun protection products aim to protect skin from UV rays. Products with secondary SPF function offer sun protection as a secondary benefit.

Today there is a range of sunscreen products with a primary SPF:

• Face and body sunscreens : The sunscreens are the most common SPF products. Their texture varies from fluid to greasy depending on the UV filters they contain and the skin types they address. For example, dry skin benefits from a rich formula while combination or oily skin prefers a fluid sunscreen or a gel-cream texture.

• Sun sticks : Sun sticks are portable products that fit in a bag. They help reapply sun protection during the day or target sensitive areas like lips and tattoos. Note that sun sticks have a rich texture due to high wax and emollients, which can be a drawback for oily skin.

• Sun protection sprays and mists : Sprays and mists are valued for their convenience and rapid application on large body areas or for midday touch-ups. Their light, airy texture makes them comfortable in summer. However, this format has one drawback: ensuring sufficient coverage can be difficult with a spray. Too thin or uneven an application can reduce the effectiveness of sun protection.

• Sun milks : With a fluid, water-based texture compared with sunscreen creams, milks are well suited for large body areas and combination to oily skin. Their rapid absorption leaves no greasy residue on the skin surface.

• Solar oils : Solar oils combine UV protection and a satiny finish on the skin. These oil-based formulas can leave a greasy feel, which may discourage adequate application. For effective protection with a solar oil, apply a generous, even layer.