What Other Active Ingredients Can Succinic Acid Be Combined With?

Benefit: This combination enhances the appearance of uneven skin tone, redness, and irritation while ensuring optimal hydration. 

Properties: Niacinamide, also known as vitamin B3, has anti-inflammatory properties and strengthens the skin barrier, helping to reduce sensitivity and redness. When paired with succinic acid, it aids in regulating excess oil production while soothing and calming the skin.

Recent clinical research has demonstrated the efficacy of this combination. One study evaluating a lotion containing niacinamide and succinic acid showed significant improvements in subjects with truncal mild to moderate imperfections after eight weeks of use. The study found a reduction in the relative abundance of Cutibacterium acnes, which is associated with imperfections, alongside notable decreases in imperfections severity, inflammatory lesions, erythema, and desquamation. Additionally, another study highlighted similar findings, emphasizing that the facial cream gel effectively rebalanced skin microbiota and improved overall skin health.

While these studies indicate promising benefits, further research is still needed to explore the full extent of their combined effects. Overall, this pairing can contribute to a more even and calm complexion, providing a holistic approach to managing imperfections.

Benefit: Both ingredients are known to be beneficial for oily skin typologies. 

Properties: Zinc PCA, a compound formed from zinc and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, regulates sebum production and provides antibacterial protection, making it effective for controlling excess oil and preventing clogged pores. Succinic acid complements these effects by reducing the proliferation of imperfections-causing bacteria while offering soothing and anti-inflammatory benefits[15]. Together, they may help maintain a matte and balanced complexion without stripping the skin of its natural moisture.

While the individual properties of succinic acid and zinc PCA have been documented, there are currently no specific studies examining their effects in combination. Nevertheless, their individual actions suggest a promising approach to managing oily skin and imperfections-prone conditions.

Benefit: This combination promotes a firmer-looking complexion and reduces the visibility of fine lines. 

Properties: Retinol is widely recognized for its ability to accelerate skin cell turnover and stimulate collagen production, which can help minimize the appearance of fine lines and improve overall skin texture. However, retinol can sometimes lead to irritation or dryness. Succinic acid, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, may help soothe potential irritation associated with retinol, while also supporting its pro-collagen effects. This combination offers a potentially more comfortable approach to using retinoids.

While the individual properties of succinic acid and retinol have been well documented, there are currently no specific studies examining their effects in combination. Nevertheless, their synergistic actions suggest a promising strategy for enhancing skin texture and firmness.

Benefit: This combination is thought to promote gentle exfoliation, potentially leading to smoother and brighter skin. 

Properties: Glycolic acid, an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA), works on the surface of the skin to dissolve dead skin cells, which may contribute to a brighter and more even complexion. When paired with succinic acid, this combination can offer an effective exfoliating action while minimizing the risk of over-drying the skin. The anti-inflammatory properties of succinic acid may help reduce irritation that can sometimes occur with acid exfoliation, making this duo a suitable choice for those seeking a gentle yet effective exfoliating regimen.

While the individual benefits of succinic acid and glycolic acid have been documented, there are currently no specific studies examining their effects in combination. Nonetheless, their complementary properties suggest a potential approach to achieving smoother and more radiant skin.

Benefit: This combination effectively boosts skin hydration, plumping the skin and reducing the appearance of fine lines while also addressing hyperpigmentation. 

Properties: Hyaluronic acid is a powerful humectant that draws moisture into the skin, helping to maintain optimal hydration levels. Succinic acid complements hyaluronic acid by promoting a healthier skin barrier and reducing inflammation, ensuring that the skin remains both hydrated and calm. Clinical studies have shown that formulations containing both hyaluronic and succinic acids are well tolerated and can accelerate skin regeneration, restore normal hydration, and even normalize pigment formation, making them effective for treating hyperpigmentation. This combination is ideal for those looking to maintain moisture balance, soothe irritation, and achieve a more even skin tone, resulting in skin that appears plump and revitalized.