Comment éliminer les pellicules ?

How to eliminate dandruff?

Dandruff, whether dry or oily, can be unsightly and cause uncomfortable sensations such as itching. Discover in this article how to effectively eliminate them.

Summary
Published July 26, 2022, updated on February 16, 2024, by Sandrine, Scientific Editor — 8 min read
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Dandruff: An Overview.

Affecting nearly 50% of the population, dandruff is a very recurrent imbalance. These are small whitish, yellowish, or grayish flakes that, depending on the type of dandruff (dry or oily), detach or remain stuck to the scalp. The process behind this phenomenon is an abnormally rapid renewal of the epidermal cells of the scalp. The dead cells formed are immature to eliminate naturally, so they clump together, making them visible to the naked eye.

Beyond their unsightly appearance, dandruff can cause itching, especially in the case of oily dandruff. Therefore, dandruff can impact self-esteem and quality of life.

The anti-dandruff agents.

To eliminate dandruff, it is necessary to use a gentle shampoo that is specifically designed to address this issue. Anti-dandruff shampoos contain certain key active ingredients:

  • Antifungal agents :

    One of the main causes of dandruff formation is the colonization by Malassezia type fungi. Therefore, antifungal agents are necessary to effectively eliminate dandruff. Among them, we can mention piroctone olamine, ciclopirox, or even ketoconazole.

Note : The pyrithione-zinc (INCI name: Zinc Pyrithione) is an antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-seborrheic active ingredient found in the composition of many anti-dandruff shampoos. However, it is now banned in Europe due to its carcinogenic risk.

  • Keratolytic agents:

    Dandruff consists of small scales or immature dead cells that cannot naturally be eliminated. Therefore, keratolytic agents are used to effectively remove these dead cells. For example, glycolic acid, salicylic acid, gluconolactone or lactic acid are often found in anti-dandruff shampoos.

  • The soothing agents:

    Dandruff often goes hand in hand with itching. Indeed, this is especially common for oily dandruff. Soothing active ingredients, such as the bisabolol or the calendula, can help to calm and alleviate the sensations of itching.

  • Anti-seborrheic agents:

    It has been proven that the two major causes of dandruff are the colonization of the scalp by microorganisms and the overproduction of sebum, particularly in the case of oily dandruff. Additionally, hyperseborrhea promotes the proliferation of fungi responsible for dandruff. Therefore, the use of anti-seborrheic active ingredients such as zinc, nettle extract, or certain essential oils (essential oil of clary sage, ylang-ylang, rosemary verbenone) is beneficial in combating dandruff.

  • The nourishing, hydrating, and rebalancing active ingredients:

    Individual factors also play a significant role in the formation of dandruff. This is particularly true for individuals with a dysfunctional skin barrier. An imbalance in the barrier function leads to an increase in sebum secretion by the sebaceous glands and promotes the colonization of the scalp by Malassezia-type fungi. Therefore, to strengthen the skin barrier, nourishing and hydrating actives such as squalane or aloe vera are used.

Note : Studies have highlighted a connection between dandruff and dysbiosis (imbalance) of the bacterial and fungal flora of the scalp. The findings suggest a potential new role for commensal bacteria in maintaining scalp homeostasis and underscore an important and yet unknown role of the scalp microbiome. Consequently, the use of prebiotics in anti-dandruff shampoos is very intriguing to support the microbiota and keep Malassezia under control.

Our anti-dandruff shampoo: an effective solution to combat this imbalance.

Our dandruff shampoo is suitable for both oily and dry dandruff. It is formulated with1% of piroctone olamine , which has antifungal activity and limits sebum secretion. It also containsjujube extract , which regulates flaking and thus reduces dandruff formation. It also soothes itching and irritation. In addition to this, this treatment contains essential oils of Atlas cedar and clary sage , known for their anti-dandruff and sebum-regulating actions.

Although dandruff is harmless, a consultation with a dermatologist is necessary, especially in cases of severe dandruff conditions. Moreover, dry dandruff presents a clinical picture similar to psoriasis. Thus, the doctor can guide you in the best possible way.

Our treatments for the scalp.

If you are prone to dry dandruff, you can supplement our anti-dandruff shampoo with our soothing scalp serum. Formulated with1% of bisabolol which is anti-inflammatory andcotton extract which is softening, our calming treatment reduces scalp discomfort (dryness and itching). It containssweet almond oil known for its anti-inflammatory and balancing virtues, as well as vegetable glycerin which prevents dehydration.

If, on the other hand, you are prone to oily dandruff, you can supplement with our purifying hair serum. It is composed of 4% of zinc PCA andnettle extract which are known for their purifying and sebum-regulating properties. In addition to this, it contains essential oils of peppermint andeucalyptus globulus which, thanks to their antibacterial and antifungal virtues, help to sanitize the scalp by fighting against the proliferation of microorganisms responsible for dandruff.

Apply one to two pipettes over the entiredry scalponce a day, in the morning or evening, and massage. These treatments do not require rinsing.

Sources:

  • WIKRAMANAYAKE C. & al. Seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff: a comprehensive review. Journal of Clinical and Investigative Dermatology (2015).

  • SHARMA V. K. Comparison of healthy and dandruff scalp microbiome reveals the role of commensals in scalp health. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology (2018)

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